I-Carbon kunye ne-Alloy yezixhobo ze-CNC Machining
Kwicandelo lemveliso yanamhlanje, i-Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining imele njengeyona teknoloji iphambili, evumela ukuveliswa ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwezinto ezintsonkothileyo kumashishini afana neemoto, i-aerospace, ioyile negesi, kunye neempahla zabathengi. Eyona nto iphambili kule nkqubo kukukhethwa kwezinto ezifanelekileyo, apho iintsimbi ezifana nentsimbi zilawula ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, amandla, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Phakathi kwezi, intsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy zivela njengeendidi ezimbini ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-CNC machining. Ezi zinto zibonelela ngokulinganisela kweempawu zoomatshini ezenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa okufuna ukuqina, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokusebenza phantsi koxinzelelo.
Intsimbi yekhabhoni, ngokusisiseko i-iron-carbon alloy enomxholo wekhabhoni oqala kwi-0.05% ukuya kwi-2% ngobunzima, yenza umqolo wezicelo ezininzi zoshishino. Ukulula kwayo ekubunjweni—ngokuyintloko intsimbi kunye nekhabhoni, kunye nezinto ezincinci ezifana ne-manganese, i-silicon, i-phosphorus, i-sulfur, kunye ne-oxygen—ivumela umahluko kubunzima, amandla, kunye nokuguquguquka ngokusekelwe kumanqanaba ekhabhoni. Iintsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephantsi, umzekelo, zaziwa ngokukwazi kwazo ukuwelda kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukwakheka, ngelixa iintlobo zekhabhoni eziphezulu zibonelela ngobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Kwi-CNC machining, iintsimbi zekhabhoni zixatyiswa ngokufikeleleka kwazo kunye nokulula kokucutshungulwa, okwenza zifaneleke kwimveliso ephezulu yeendawo ezifana nee-shafts, ii-pins, kunye nee-fasteners.Kwelinye icala, intsimbi ye-alloy yakha phezu kwesiseko sentsimbi yekhabhoni ngokufaka ezinye izinto ze-alloying ezifana ne-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, i-vanadium, okanye i-tungsten. Ezi zongezo zonyusa iipropati ezithile, kubandakanya ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla okutsalwa, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana nobushushu, ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo ezisisiseko.
Iintsimbi ze-alloy zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezine-alloy ephantsi (ezinezinto ezidibanisa i-alloy ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8%) kunye neentlobo ezine-alloy ephezulu, nganye yenzelwe iimeko ezifuna umgudu omkhulu. Kwiimeko ze-CNC, zibalasele ekuveliseni izinto ezimele zimelane neemeko ezinzima, ezifana neegiya, ii-axles, kunye nee-turbine blades.Ukukhetha phakathi kwentsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy kwi-CNC machining kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwenxalenye, ukuvezwa kokusingqongileyo, iimpawu zoomatshini ezifunekayo, kunye nemida yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali. Umzekelo, nangona intsimbi yekhabhoni inokwanela izinto zokwakha kwiimeko ezithambileyo, intsimbi ye-alloy idla ngokufuneka kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye ezirhabaxa. Ukuqonda ukwakheka kwezi zinto, iimpawu, amanqanaba, kunye neendlela zokusebenza kwe-machining kubalulekile kwiinjineli kunye nabavelisi ukuze baphucule uyilo, banciphise iindleko, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba imveliso ihlala ixesha elide.
Eli nqaku liza kujonga kwiingxaki zeentsimbi zekhabhoni kunye ne-alloy njengezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Siza kuhlola ukwakheka kwazo, iimpawu eziphambili, amabakala aqhelekileyo, izinto eziqwalaselwayo zoomatshini, usetyenziso, kunye neenzuzo zokuthelekisa. Ngokusebenzisa imigaqo yesayensi yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye neendlela zoshishino, sijonge ukubonelela ngesikhokelo esibanzi kwiingcali ezifuna ukusebenzisa ezi ntsimbi ngokufanelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zazo. Nokuba ungumyili ochaza izixhobo okanye uchwephesha wokucwangcisa imisebenzi ye-CNC, ukuqonda ezi ziseko kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezigqwesileyo kwimveliso echanekileyo.
Intsimbi yeCarbon: Iipropati, amaBanga, kunye nokuSebenza kwe-CNC
Intsimbi yekhabhoni imele uhlobo lwentsimbi oluveliswayo nolusetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, ibandakanya phantse i-90% yemveliso iyonke yentsimbi. Uhlu lwayo lusekelwe ikakhulu kumxholo wekhabhoni: i-carbon ephantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-0.30%), i-carbon ephakathi (0.30% ukuya kwi-0.60%), kunye ne-carbon ephezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-0.60%). Udidi ngalunye lunika iipropati ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini ezichaphazela ukufaneleka kwayo kwi-CNC machining.
Ukuqala ngeentsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephantsi, ezi zihlala zibizwa ngokuba ziintsimbi ezithambileyo ngenxa yokuthamba kwazo kunye nokuqina kwazo. Njengoko amanqanaba ekhabhoni eqhele ukuba phakathi kwe-0.05% kunye ne-0.25%, zibonisa ukwakheka okuhle kunye nokudityaniswa. Ngokwemishini, iintsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephantsi zinika amandla okuvelisa amalunga ne-350 MPa kunye namandla okubopha afikelela kwi-420 MPa, kunye nobude xa zaphukile bufikelela kwi-15% nangaphezulu. Ubunzima bazo beBrinell buphantsi kakhulu, malunga ne-121, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zisebenze kakhulu. Kwimisebenzi ye-CNC, iintsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephantsi ezifana ne-grade 1018 zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwakheka kwazo okuthambileyo kwe-chip kunye nokungonakali kwezixhobo. I-Grade 1018, eyenziwe yi-0.15-0.20% yekhabhoni kunye ne-0.6-0.9% ye-manganese, inamandla okugcina okubopha angama-65 ksi kunye namandla okuvelisa angama-48 ksi. Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiishafts, iipins, kunye nezibophelelo kwicandelo leemoto kunye noomatshini, apho ukuchaneka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kubaluleke kakhulu.
Iintsimbi zekhabhoni ephakathi zivala umsantsa phakathi kokuqina kunye namandla, kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni ukusuka kwi-0.30% ukuya kwi-0.60%. Ezi zigaba zibonelela ngokuqina okuphuculweyo kunye namandla okutsalwa ngelixa zigcina ukusebenza okufanelekileyo. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka amandla okuvelisa angama-415 MPa, amandla okutsalwa angama-620 MPa, kunye nokwandiswa kwama-25%, kunye nobunzima bukaBrinell malunga nama-201. Ibanga 1045 libonisa olu didi, libonelela ngokulinganisela kwamandla kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza. Ngekhabhoni kwi-0.43-0.50% kunye ne-manganese kwi-0.60-0.90%, ifikelela kumandla okugqibela okutsalwa angama-105 ksi kunye nesivuno sama-60 ksi emva konyango lobushushu. Kwi-CNC machining, iintsimbi zekhabhoni eziphakathi zifuna ukukhethwa ngononophelo kweeparameter ukuze kuthintelwe ukwakheka kobushushu obugqithisileyo, okunokukhokelela ekuqineni komsebenzi. Zilungele izinto ze-hydraulic, ii-axles, kunye neegiya apho kufuneka ukumelana nempembelelo.
Iintsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephezulu, eziqulathe ikhabhoni engaphezulu kwe-0.60%, zibeka phambili ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka kunobunzima. Iimpawu apha ziquka amandla okuvelisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-570 MPa, amandla okutsalwa angama-965 MPa, kunye nobude obuphantsi kwi-9%, apho ubulukhuni bukaBrinell bufikelela kwi-293. Ezi ntsimbi zinzima ngakumbi kumatshini ngenxa yokuba zibuthathaka kwaye zinomkhuba wokwenza iitships eziqinileyo, nto leyo edla ngokufuna izixhobo zekhabhoni kunye nezinto zokuthambisa. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-1095 (0.90-1.03% yekhabhoni) zisetyenziselwa izixhobo zokusika, izipringi, kunye neemela. Kwizicelo ze-CNC, iintsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephezulu ziyazuza ekutshiseni ngaphambi kokwenziwa ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza, kulandele ukuqina ukuze kusetyenziswe okokugqibela.
Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kweentsimbi zekhabhoni kuncipha njengoko umxholo wekhabhoni unyuka. Iindidi zekhabhoni ephantsi ziphezulu kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 kwisalathisi sokukwazi ukusebenza), ngelixa ezo zinekhabhoni ephezulu zinokwehla ziye kwi-50-60. Izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-CNC ziquka isantya sokusika, isantya sokutya, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-coolant. Umzekelo, isantya esifanelekileyo se-1018 sinokuqala kwi-100-150 m/min ngezixhobo zentsimbi ezikhawulezayo, kodwa izinto zokufaka iikhabhoni zikhethwa kwiindidi ezinzima ukwandisa ubomi besixhobo. Unyango lobushushu ludlala indima ebalulekileyo; ukulungisa okanye ukuthambisa izinto kwenza kube lula ukususa iitship, ngelixa ukucima kunye nokushisa kuphucula iimpawu zokugqibela.
Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi yekhabhoni kwi-CNC machining kukhulu kakhulu. Kwishishini leemoto, amanqanaba aphantsi naphakathi ekhabhoni enza izinto zeinjini, iindawo ze-chassis, kunye nezinto zokuxhoma. I-Aerospace izisebenzisa kwizinto zesakhiwo ezingabalulekanga, ngelixa ulwakhiwo luzuza kumandla azo kwi-fasteners kunye neebrackets. Icandelo leoyile negesi lisebenzisa iintsimbi ezinekhabhoni eninzi kwiibhiti zokubhola kunye neevalvu. Lilonke, ixabiso eliphantsi lentsimbi yekhabhoni—ngokuqhelekileyo lingaphantsi ngama-20-30% kunee-alloys—lenza libe yinto ephambili yokwenza iiprototyping kunye nemveliso enkulu.
Nangona kukho iingenelo, kukho imingeni. Iintsimbi zekhabhoni zidla ngokugqwala ngaphandle kokufakwa kweengubo zokukhusela, nto leyo ethintela ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle okanye elwandle. Iintlobo zekhabhoni ephezulu zinokuqhekeka ngexesha lokuwelda ukuba azifakwanga ngaphambili, kwaye umatshini wokulungisa unokuvelisa iibherrs ezifuna ukucutshungulwa. Uphuhliso kwitekhnoloji ye-CNC, njengeenkqubo zolawulo eziguquguqukayo, zinciphisa ezi ngokuphucula iindlela kunye nokunciphisa ukungcangcazela.
Intsimbi ye-Alloy: Iipropati eziphuculweyo zezicelo ze-CNC ezifuna amandla
Intsimbi ye-alloy iphakamisa amandla entsimbi yekhabhoni ngokungenisa izinto ezidibanisa iipropati ezilungele iimfuno ezithile. Ichazwa njengentsimbi enokongezwa ngabom ngaphaya kwekhabhoni (ngesiqhelo i-1-50% yomxholo we-alloy iyonke), iquka iintsimbi ezine-alloy ephantsi (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8% yee-alloy) kunye neendidi ze-alloy ephezulu. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-chromium ziphucula ukumelana nokugqwala, i-nickel iphucula ukuqina, i-molybdenum inyusa amandla obushushu obuphezulu, kwaye i-vanadium inyusa ukumelana nokuguguleka.
Iintsimbi ezisebenzisa i-alloy ephantsi, ezifana ne-grade 4140 (equlethe i-0.38-0.43% yekhabhoni, i-0.80-1.10% ye-chromium, kunye ne-0.15-0.25% ye-molybdenum), zinika amandla okuvelisa amalunga ne-655 MPa kunye namandla okutsalwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-950 MPa emva konyango lobushushu. Ubuchule bazo bokusebenza buphakathi, bulinganiswe kwi-65-70, kwaye zisabela kakuhle ekucimeni nasekufudumaleni kwamanqanaba obunzima be-28-32 HRC. Kwi-CNC machining, ezi ntsimbi zisetyenziselwa iindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ezifana nee-crankshafts, iigiya, kunye nee-axles kwimishini yezithuthi kunye neyomeleleyo. Izinto ezongezelelweyo zinciphisa ukuphuka xa kuthelekiswa neentsimbi zekhabhoni ezifanayo, okuvumela ukumelana okungcono kwempembelelo.
Iintsimbi ezine-alloy ephezulu zifaka izinto ezongeziweyo eziqinileyo, ezidla ngokudlula i-10% ye-chromium kwiipropati ezifana ne-stainless ngaphandle kokuba zi-stainless ngokupheleleyo. Iiklasi ezifana ne-4340 (ene-nickel, i-chromium, kunye ne-molybdenum) zinika amandla angaqhelekanga—zivelisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-860 MPa—kunye nokumelana nokudinwa, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kwizixhobo zokufika zeenqwelo moya kunye nezixhobo ze-oyile. Ubuchule bokusebenza apha buphantsi, malunga ne-50, ngenxa yokuqina okwandileyo, kodwa iindlela ze-CNC ezifana ne-trochoidal milling zinceda ukulawula ubushushu kunye nokuguguleka kwezixhobo.
Iimpawu zeentsimbi ze-alloy zahlukile kakhulu kodwa ngokubanzi ziquka amandla aphezulu okutsalwa (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,200 MPa), ukuguguleka okungcono, kunye nokumelana nobushushu okuphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neentsimbi ze-carbon. Umzekelo, iintsimbi ze-alloy zinokugcina ukuthembeka kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-500°C, okulungele ii-turbine blades okanye ii-petrochemical valves. Ukumelana nokugqwala kuyanda kwii-alloys ezityebileyo kwi-chromium, nto leyo enciphisa isidingo sokugquma.
Kwi-CNC machining, iintsimbi ze-alloy zifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana ne-carbide egqunywe nge-coated okanye i-ceramic inserts, ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nokuqina kwazo. Iiparameter zokusika zinokubandakanya isantya se-60-100 m/min sokurhawuzelela kunye nokutya kwe-0.1-0.2 mm/rev, kunye ne-flood coolant yokususa ubushushu. Unyango lobushushu ngaphambi komatshini olufana nokutsalela luphucula ulawulo lwe-chip, ngelixa iinkqubo emva komatshini ziqinisekisa uzinzo olulinganayo.
Usetyenziso lugubungela amacandelo abalulekileyo. Kwinqwelo-moya, iintsimbi ze-alloy zenza izixhobo zokufaka iinjini kunye neefreyimu zesakhiwo. Ishishini leemoto lixhomekeke kuzo kwiindawo zokuhambisa kunye neenkqubo zokuxhoma. Ioyile negesi zisebenzisa iintsimbi ze-alloy kwiipayipi kunye neekhola zokubhola, apho ukumelana nokukrweleka kubalulekile. Iibheringi, izipringi, kunye nezinto zesakhiwo kwiindawo zokufaka izinto ze-elektroniki nazo ziyazuza kukuqina kwazo.
Iintsimbi zezixhobo, eziyinxalenye yeentsimbi ze-alloy, zifanele ukukhankanywa ngenxa yobunzima bazo obugqithisileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-65 HRC) kunye nokumelana nokukrala. Iindidi ezifana ne-H13, ezine-chromium kunye ne-vanadium, zenziwa nge-CNC kwiidayi kunye neenkuni, nangona zifuna isantya esicothayo kunye nokuseta okuqinileyo ukuthintela ukuqhekeka.
Imingeni ngeentsimbi ze-alloy ibandakanya iindleko eziphezulu—ezidla ngokuba ngaphezulu ngama-50-100% kuneentsimbi ze-carbon—kunye nokubakho kokugqwetheka ngexesha lonyango lobushushu. Nangona kunjalo, iipropati zazo eziphuculweyo zithethelela utyalo-mali kwizicelo zokusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukuthelekiswa kweCarbon kunye ne-Alloy Steel kwi-CNC Machining
Xa ukhetha phakathi kwekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy yomatshini wokugaya i-CNC, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo. Intsimbi yekhabhoni igqwesile kwiindleko kunye nokulula komatshini wokugaya, kunye namanqanaba aphantsi ekhabhoni anikezela ukudityaniswa okuphezulu kunye nobuchule bokubumba. Nangona kunjalo, ayinayo i-corrosion kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingafanelekanga kwiindawo ezinzima.
Intsimbi ye-alloy, kunye nokuphuculwa kwayo okwenziwe ngokwezifiso, inika ukusebenza okungcono ngokubanzi kumandla, ukuqina, kunye neempawu zokuxhathisa, kodwa ngaphandle kobuchule bokusebenza kunye nexabiso. Umzekelo, itheyibhile yokuthelekisa igxininisa:
ipropati | Intsimbi yekhabhoni (umz., 1045) | Intsimbi ye-alloy (umz., 4140) |
|---|---|---|
Isivuno Amandla (MPa) | 415-570 | 655-860 |
Ukunyanga | Phezulu (70-100) | Phakathi (50-70) |
Nokumelana Resistance | low | Moderate ukuya Phezulu |
ixabiso | Phantsi-Phakathi | Ephakathi-ePhakamileyo |
izicelo | Ulwakhiwo ngokubanzi | Uxinzelelo oluphezulu, olurhabaxa |
Kwiimeko ze-CNC, intsimbi yekhabhoni ifanelekela iiprototyping ezikhawulezayo kunye neendawo ezingezizo ezibalulekileyo, ngelixa intsimbi ye-alloy ikhethwa kwiindawo ezichanekileyo phantsi komthwalo.
Iindlela ze-hybrid, njengokusebenzisa ii-cores ze-carbon steel ezineengubo ze-alloy, zinokuphucula iingenelo.
Umahluko oPhambili phakathi kweCarbon Steel kunye neAlloy Steel kwiCNC Machining
1. Umahluko woBume obuPhambili
Umahluko ophambili usekwe kulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali. I-Carbon Steel isekelwe kwisinyithi, equlathe i-0.0218% ~ 2.11% yekhabhoni njengento ephambili enomxholo ophantsi wokungcola. Ihlulwe ngokomxholo wekhabhoni: intsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi (<0.25%, umz., Q235) ithambile kwaye iplastiki; intsimbi enekhabhoni ephakathi (0.25% ~ 0.6%, umz., intsimbi engama-45#) ilinganisa amandla kunye nokuqina; intsimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu (<0.6%, umz., T10) iqinile kodwa iyaphuka.
Intsimbi ye-alloy yenziwa ngokongeza izinto ezidityanisiweyo ngabom (i-chromium, i-nickel, njl.njl., umxholo opheleleyo we-1% ~ amashumi eepesenti) kwintsimbi yekhabhoni, njenge-42CrMo yokuqinisa amandla kunye nentsimbi engagqwali engama-304 yokumelana nokugqwala, nto leyo etshintsha ngokusisiseko ukusebenza kwayo komatshini.
2. Isithuba sokuSebenza sokuSika i-CNC
Ukumelana nokusika: Ukumelana nentsimbi yekhabhoni kuxhomekeke kumxholo wekhabhoni—intsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi ivumela ukusika ngesantya esiphezulu, ikhabhoni ephakathi ixabisa kancinci, kwaye ikhabhoni ephezulu ifuna isantya esiphantsi. Ukumelana nokusika kwentsimbi ye-alloy kuphezulu ngama-20% ~ 50% kunentsimbi yekhabhoni efanayo ngenxa yeekhabhoni eziqinileyo ezivela kwizinto ezixutyiweyo.
Ukusasazwa kobushushu: Intsimbi yekhabhoni inomoya ofanelekileyo wokushisa, igcina amaqondo obushushu oomatshini ephantsi kwaye ukuguguleka kwezixhobo kuhamba kancinci. Intsimbi ye-alloy ayisasazi ubushushu kakuhle, kwaye amaqondo obushushu ahlala edlula i-800℃ (umz., intsimbi engagqwali engama-304), ifuna ukupholisa ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuthintela umonakalo wesixhobo kunye nokutsha kwezixhobo zomsebenzi.
3. Iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha izixhobo
Intsimbi yekhabhoni: Iimfuneko eziphantsi—i-HSS okanye i-carbide eqinisiweyo kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi/ephakathi; i-carbide eqinisiweyo ene-cobalt ephezulu (umz., i-YG8) kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu. Kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingagqunywanga okanye ezigqunywe nge-TiCN, ezinemiphetho ebukhali (<0.1mm) kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi kunye nemiphetho eqinisiweyo (0.1~0.2mm) kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi/ephezulu.
Intsimbi ye-alloy: Iimfuno eziphezulu—iingubo ze-TiAlN/CrN, imiphetho ephuculiweyo eyomeleleyo (0.2 ~ 0.5mm), kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza eziphezulu ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nempembelelo.
4. Iimeko zesicelo kunye neengcebiso zokukhetha
Intsimbi ekhabhoni ephantsi (10#, Q235): Ifanelekile kwiibholithi, kwiikhabhathi—ixabiso eliphantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu.
Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi (45#): Ilungele iigiya, iishafti—ukusebenza okulinganayo, eyona nto iphambili
izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zeworkshop.
Intsimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu (T8, T10): Isetyenziselwa izixhobo, iimolds—ifuna isantya esicothayo kunye nokupholisa ngamandla.
Intsimbi ye-alloy (42CrMo, 304): Ingena kwii-crankshafts zeemoto, iindawo zeenqwelo-moya—iyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zokusebenza nangona ixabiso liphezulu.
6. isishwankathelo
Umahluko phakathi kwesinyithi ezimbini uvela kukungalingani kokwakheka. Ukukwazi kakuhle olu mahluko kunokunciphisa ukuguguleka kwezixhobo ngaphezulu kwama-30% nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngama-20%. Ukuseka isiseko sedatha "senkqubo yezinto eziphathekayo" kunceda ukufezekisa ibhalansi efanelekileyo phakathi kweendleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwi-CNC machining echanekileyo.
Iingqwalaselo ngoMatshini kunye neZenzo ezilungileyo
Ukulungiswa ngempumelelo kwe-CNC kweentsimbi zekhabhoni kunye ne-alloy kufuna ingqalelo kwizixhobo, iiparameter, kunye neendlela zobugcisa. Izixhobo zekhabhoni zisemgangathweni kuzo zombini, kodwa ii-alloys zinokufuna iintlobo ezifakwe i-CVD ukuze zihlale ixesha elide. Ukusika ulwelo kuthintela ukugqithisa, ingakumbi kwiiklasi zekhabhoni ephezulu okanye i-alloy ezinokuthi zisebenze nzima.
Iiparameter ziyahluka: kwiintsimbi zekhabhoni, isantya esiphezulu (120-180 m/min) kunye nokutya (0.15-0.3 mm/rev); kwii-alloys, isezantsi (80-120 m/min) ukulawula ubushushu. Ukuseta komatshini oqinileyo kunciphisa ukungcangcazela, kwaye isoftware ye-CAM ilungiselela iindlela zokusebenza kakuhle.
Imingeni eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ulawulo lweetships—ukusebenzisa iziqhekeza zeetships—kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu, okulungiswa ngokupolisha. Iindlela zokhuseleko, njengokuphefumla ngokufanelekileyo komsi, zibalulekile.
Uphuhliso olufana noomatshini abasebenzisa isantya esiphezulu (HSM) kunye nokupholisa okubangelwa yi-cryogenic kuphucula iziphumo zezi zinto.
isiphelo
Iintsimbi zekhabhoni kunye ne-alloy zihlala zibalulekile kwi-CNC machining, zibonelela ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo ukusuka ekufikeleleni lula kunye nokulula kwiindidi zekhabhoni ukuya ekuqineni okuphuculweyo kwii-alloy. Ngokuqonda ukwakheka kwazo, amanqanaba, kunye neendlela zokuziphatha, abavelisi banokukhetha ngokugqibeleleyo usetyenziso oluqala kwizibophelelo zemihla ngemihla ukuya kwizinto ze-aerospace. Njengoko itekhnoloji itshintsha, ezi zixhobo ziya kuqhubeka nokuqhuba ubuchule kubunjineli bokuchaneka, zilungelelanisa ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza.