Kusintha kwa CNC

Mu ntchito zotembenuza za CNC, chogwirira ntchitocho chimazungulira, pomwe chida chodulira cha mfundo imodzi chimakhala chosasunthika motsatira mzere wake. Kutengera ndi makinawo, chogwirira ntchitocho kapena chida choduliracho chimachita kayendetsedwe ka chakudya motsutsana ndi china kuti chichotsedwe. 

CNC kugaya

Ntchito zogaya za CNC ndizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida za aluminiyamu. Ntchitozi zimaphatikizapo kuzungulira kwa kudula kwa mfundo zambiri motsatira mzere wake, pomwe ntchitoyo imakhala yosasunthika motsatira mzere wake. Kudula kenako kuchotsa zinthu kumachitika ndi kuyenda kwa chogwirira ntchito, chida chodulira, kapena zonse ziwiri pamodzi. Kuyenda kumeneku kumatha kuchitika motsatira nkhwangwa zingapo.

Kuyika m'thumba

Kutchedwanso kuti pocket milling, pocketing ndi mtundu wa CNC milling momwe thumba lopanda kanthu limapangidwa mu gawo lina.

Kukumana

Kuyang'ana nkhope mu makina kumaphatikizapo kupanga malo athyathyathya pamwamba pa workpiece kudzera mukutembenuza nkhope kapena kupukuta nkhope.

Kubowola kwa CNC

Kuboola kwa CNC ndi njira yopangira dzenje mu workpiece. Pa ntchito iyi, chida chodulira chozungulira cha kukula kwinakwake chimasuntha mzere wowongoka molunjika pamwamba pa nthaka yomwe ikubooledwa, motero kupanga dzenje bwino.

Zida Zopangira Machining Aluminiyamu

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kusankha chida chopangira makina a aluminiyamu a CNC.

Kupanga Chida

Pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudza mawonekedwe a zida zomwe zimathandiza kuti zigwire bwino ntchito popanga aluminiyamu. Chimodzi mwa izi ndi kuchuluka kwa zitoliro zake. Pofuna kupewa zovuta pakuchotsa zitoliro pa liwiro lalikulu, zida zodulira zitsulo za aluminiyamu CNC ziyenera kukhala ndi zitoliro 2-3. Zitoliro zambiri zimapangitsa kuti zitoliro zazikulu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo za aluminiyamu zitsekere. Mphamvu zodulira zikachepa ndipo kutseguka kwa zitoliro ndikofunikira kwambiri pa ntchitoyi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zitoliro ziwiri. Kuti muyeretse bwino zitoliro ndi mphamvu ya zida, gwiritsani ntchito zitoliro zitatu.

Helix Angle

Ngodya ya helix ndi ngodya pakati pa mzere wapakati wa chida ndi mzere wolunjika womwe uli m'mphepete mwake. Ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa zida zodulira. Ngakhale ngodya yapamwamba ya helix imachotsa tchipisi kuchokera ku gawo mwachangu, imawonjezera kukangana ndi kutentha panthawi yodulira. Izi zingapangitse tchipisi kulumikizidwa pamwamba pa chida panthawi yodulira aluminium CNC. Ngodya yotsika ya helix, kumbali ina, imapanga kutentha kochepa koma singachotse tchipisi bwino. Pa makina a aluminiyamu, ngodya ya helix ya 35° kapena 40° ndiyoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza, pomwe ngodya ya helix ya 45° ndiyo yabwino kwambiri pomaliza.

Clearance Angle

Ngodya yochotsera ndi chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa chida. Ngodya yayikulu kwambiri ingapangitse chidacho kugwira ntchito molimbika komanso mokweza. Kumbali ina, ngodya yaying'ono kwambiri ingayambitse kukangana pakati pa chida ndi ntchitoyo. Ngodya yochotsera pakati pa 6° ndi 10° ndi yabwino kwambiri pa makina a aluminiyamu a CNC.

Zida Zazida

Carbide ndiye chinthu chomwe chimakonda kwambiri pa zida zodulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga aluminiyamu CNC. Popeza aluminiyamu ndi yofewa, chofunika kwambiri pa chida chodulira aluminiyamu si kuuma, koma kuthekera kosunga m'mphepete wakuthwa. Luso limeneli limapezeka mu zida za carbide ndipo zimatengera zinthu ziwiri, kukula kwa tirigu wa carbide ndi chiŵerengero cha binder. Ngakhale kukula kwa tirigu waukulu kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zolimba, kukula kwa tirigu wochepa kumatsimikizira kuti zinthu zolimba komanso zolimba kwambiri zomwe kwenikweni ndi zomwe timafunikira. Tirigu wochepa amafunika cobalt kuti akwaniritse kapangidwe ka tirigu wabwino komanso mphamvu ya zinthuzo.

Komabe, cobalt imakumana ndi aluminiyamu kutentha kwambiri, ndikupanga m'mphepete mwa aluminiyamu pamwamba pa chida. Chofunika kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito chida cha carbide chokhala ndi cobalt yokwanira (2-20%), kuti muchepetse izi, pamene mukusungabe mphamvu yofunikira. Zida za carbide nthawi zambiri zimatha kupirira bwino kuposa zida zachitsulo, liwiro lalikulu lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi makina a aluminium CNC.

Kuwonjezera pa zida, chophimba cha zida ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino zida. ZrN (Zirconium Nitride), TiB2 (Titanium di-Boride), ndi chophimba chonga diamondi ndi zina mwazovala zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pakupanga aluminiyamu CNC.

Zakudya ndi Ma liwiro

Liwiro lodulira ndi liwiro lomwe chida chodulira chimazungulira. Aluminiyamu imatha kupirira liwiro lodulira kwambiri motero liwiro lodulira la aluminiyamu limadalira malire a makina omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Liwiro liyenera kukhala lokwera momwe lingagwiritsidwire ntchito popanga aluminiyamu CNC, chifukwa izi zimachepetsa kuthekera kopanga m'mphepete mwake, zimasunga nthawi, zimachepetsa kukwera kwa kutentha kwa gawolo, zimapangitsa kuti chip chisweke, komanso zimapangitsa kuti chimalizidwe bwino. Liwiro lenileni lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito limasiyana malinga ndi aluminiyamu ndi kukula kwa chida.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi mtunda umene chida chogwirira ntchito kapena chida chimasuntha pa kuzungulira kwa chida. Chakudya chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chimadalira kutha komwe mukufuna, mphamvu, ndi kulimba kwa chida chogwirira ntchito. Kudula molakwika kumafuna chakudya cha 0.15 mpaka 2.03 mm/rev pomwe kudula komaliza kumafuna chakudya cha 0.05 mpaka 0.15mm/rev.

Kudula Madzi

Ngakhale kuti ndi yolimba, musadule aluminiyamu youma chifukwa izi zimathandiza kuti m'mbali mwake mupangidwe. Madzi oyenera odulira a aluminiyamu CNC ndi ma emulsions osungunuka ndi mafuta amchere. Pewani kudula madzi omwe ali ndi chlorine kapena sulfure chifukwa zinthuzi zimapaka aluminiyamu.

Njira za Post-machining

Mukamaliza kukonza gawo la aluminiyamu, pali njira zina zomwe mungachite kuti muwonjezere mawonekedwe a thupi, makina, ndi kukongola kwa gawolo. Njira zodziwika kwambiri ndi izi.

Kuphulika kwa mkanda ndi mchenga

Kupukuta mikanda ndi njira yomaliza yokongoletsera. Mu njira iyi, gawo lopangidwa ndi makina limapukutidwa ndi mikanda yaying'ono yagalasi pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti ya mpweya yopanikizika kwambiri, kuchotsa zinthu bwino ndikuonetsetsa kuti pamwamba pake pali yosalala. Zimapatsa aluminiyamu mawonekedwe a satin kapena matte. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popukuta mikanda ndi kukula kwa mikanda yagalasi ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Gwiritsani ntchito njira iyi pokhapokha ngati kulekerera kwa gawo sikofunikira.

Njira zina zomalizira ntchito zimaphatikizapo kupukuta ndi kupaka utoto.

❖ kuyanika

Izi zimaphatikizapo kupaka gawo la aluminiyamu ndi zinthu zina monga zinc, nickel, ndi chrome. Izi zimachitika kuti ziwongolere njira za zigawo ndipo zitha kuchitika kudzera mu njira zamagetsi.

Anodising

Kuthira mafuta m'thupi ndi njira yamagetsi yomwe gawo la aluminiyamu limaviikidwa mu yankho la sulfuric acid yochepetsedwa, ndipo magetsi amayikidwa pa cathode ndi anode. Njirayi imasintha bwino malo owonekera a gawolo kukhala chophimba cholimba, chosagwira ntchito ndi magetsi cha aluminiyamu oxide. Kuchuluka ndi makulidwe a chophimba chomwe chimapangidwa kumadalira kukhazikika kwa yankho, nthawi yothira mafuta m'thupi, komanso mphamvu yamagetsi. Muthanso kuchita anodizing kuti musinthe mtundu wa gawolo.

Kuphimba Powder

Njira yophikira ufa imaphatikizapo kupaka gawo ndi utoto wa polima, pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti yopopera yamagetsi. Kenako gawolo limasiyidwa kuti liume kutentha kwa 200°C. Kupaka ufa kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi kukana kuwonongeka, dzimbiri, ndi kugwedezeka.

Chithandizo cha Kutentha

Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu zomwe zimatha kutenthedwa zimatha kutenthedwa kuti ziwongolere mphamvu zake zamagetsi.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mbali za Aluminiyamu Zopangidwa ndi Makina a CNC mu Makampani

Monga tanenera kale, zitsulo zotayidwa za aluminiyamu zili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika. Chifukwa chake, zida zotayidwa za aluminiyamu zopangidwa ndi CNC ndizofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale angapo, kuphatikizapo izi:

• Kupatula: chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zambiri poyerekeza ndi kulemera kwake, zolumikizira zingapo za ndege zimapangidwa kuchokera ku aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi makina;
• magalimoto: mofanana ndi makampani opanga ndege, zigawo zingapo monga shafts ndi zigawo zina mumakampani opanga magalimoto zimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu;
• magetsi: Popeza ali ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zambiri, zida za aluminiyamu zopangidwa ndi makina a CNC nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zamagetsi mu zida zamagetsi;
• Chakudya/Makhwala: chifukwa sizigwirizana ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, zida za aluminiyamu zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale azakudya ndi mankhwala;
• Sports: aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zamasewera monga zibonga za baseball ndi malikhweru amasewera;
• Cryogenics: kuthekera kwa aluminiyamu kusunga mphamvu zake zamakaniko kutentha kwapansi pa zero, kumapangitsa kuti zida za aluminiyamu zikhale zofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito cryogenic.