Me pēhea te hoahoa i ngā wāhanga mō te miihini CNC
I roto i tēnei aratohu katoa mō te hoahoa mō te miihini CNC, kua kohikohia e mātou ngā mahi hoahoa taketake me ngā tohutohu matatau hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakatutuki i ngā hua pai rawa atu mō ō wāhanga ritenga.
He iti noa ngā mahi māmā ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakapai ake i ō hoahoa mō te miihini mana tau rorohiko (CNC). Mā te whai i ngā ture hoahoa-mō-te-hanga (DFM), ka taea e koe te whiwhi i ngā painga whānui o te miihini CNC. Heoi, he uaua pea tēnei, nā te mea kāore he paerewa motuhake mō te ahumahi katoa.
I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tukuna atu e mātou he aratohu whānui ki ngā mahi hoahoa pai rawa atu mō te miihini CNC. Hei kohikohi i ēnei mōhiohio hou, i tono mātou kia tukuna mai he urupare mai i ngā tohunga ahumahi me ngā kaiwhakarato ratonga miihini CNC. Mena kei te arotau koe i ngā utu, tirohia tēnei aratohu ki te hoahoa i ngā wāhanga utu-whai hua mō te CNC.
He aha te tukanga miihini CNC?
He hangarau hanga tango-ā-ringa te mīhini CNC. I roto i te CNC, ka tangohia te rauemi mai i tētahi poraka totoka mā te whakamahi i ngā momo taputapu tapahi e hurihuri ana i te tere teitei—mano o RPM—hei whakaputa i tētahi wāhanga i runga i te tauira CAD. Ka taea te mīhini CNC i ngā konganuku me ngā kirihou.
He tino tika ngā āhuatanga o ngā wāhanga i hangaia ki te mīhini CNC, ā, he tino kaha hoki ngā āheinga. He pai te CNC mō ngā mahi whakaputa nui me ngā mahi kotahi. Inaa, ko te mīhini CNC te huarahi tino whai hua mō te whakaputa tauira whakarewa i tēnei wā, ahakoa te whakataurite ki te tānga 3D.
He aha ngā here matua o te hoahoa CNC?
He tino ngāwari te hoahoa o te CNC, engari he iti noa ngā here. E pā ana ēnei here ki ngā tikanga taketake o te tukanga tapahi, ā, e pā ana ki te āhua o te taputapu me te urunga ki te taputapu.
Hangahanga taputapu
He porotaka te āhua o te nuinga o ngā taputapu tapahi CNC (ngā taputapu mira mutunga me ngā wiri), ā, he iti noa te roa tapahi.
I te tangohia o te rauemi mai i te mea mahi, ka whakawhitia te āhua o te taputapu ki tētahi wāhanga mīhini. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, hei tauira, he pūtoro tonu kei ngā kokonga o roto o tētahi wāhanga CNC, ahakoa te iti o te taputapu tapahi i whakamahia.
Te uru taputapu
Hei tango rauemi, ka whakatata tika te taputapu tapahi ki te mea mahi mai i runga. Kāore e taea te mīhini CNC ki ngā āhuatanga kāore e taea te uru atu mā tēnei ara.
He rerekētanga kei tēnei ture: ngā tapahi raro. He wāhanga kei te mutunga o tēnei tuhinga mō ngā tapahi raro.
Ka tūtohu mātou kia whakarārangihia ngā āhuatanga katoa o tō tauira (ngā kōhao, ngā āputa, ngā pakitara poutū, me ētahi atu) ki tētahi o ngā aronga matua e ono. Heoi, tirohia tēnei ture hei taunakitanga, kaua hei here, nā te mea he kaha matatau te pupuri i ngā mea mahi e ngā pūnaha CNC tuaka-5.
He raruraru anō hoki te urunga atu ki ngā taputapu ina whakamahia ngā āhuatanga mīhini he nui te ōwehenga o te hohonu ki te whānui. Hei tauira, kia tae atu ai ki te raro o te kōhao hohonu, me hiahia koe ki ngā taputapu he whānui ake te toronga. Ko te tikanga he whānui ake te whānuitanga o te nekehanga mō te kaiwhakaputa pito, ka whakanui ake i te haruru o te mīhini, ka whakaiti hoki i te tika e taea te whakatutuki.
Ka māmā ake te mahi whakaputa mēnā ka hoahoahia e koe ngā wāhanga ka taea te mīhini CNC mā te whakamahi i te taputapu he nui rawa te diameter me te poto rawa te roa.
Ngā aratohu hoahoa CNC
Ko tētahi wero e puta pinepine ana i te wā e hoahoa ana i tētahi wāhanga mō te mīhini CNC ko te korenga o ngā paerewa motuhake mō te ahumahi whānui. Kei te whakapai tonu ngā kaihanga mīhini me ngā taputapu CNC i ngā āheinga o te hangarau, me te whakawhānui ake i ngā rohe o ngā mea ka taea. Kei te ripanga i raro nei e whakarāpopoto ana i ngā uara kua tūtohutia me ngā uara ka taea mō ngā āhuatanga tino kitea i roto i ngā wāhanga mīhini CNC.
Ngā poka me ngā pute
Te hohonutanga o te kōhao e taunakitia ana: 4 ngā wā o te whānui o te kōhao
He iti noa te roa tapahi o ngā taputapu mira mutunga (e 3–4 ngā wā te whānui). Ka kitea nuitia te piko o ngā taputapu, te tango maramara me te wiri ina iti ake te ōwehenga hohonu-ki-te whānui o ngā poka.
Mā te whakawhāiti i te hohonutanga o te kōhao ki te whā whakarea o tōna whānui ka pai ai ngā hua.
Mena e hiahiatia ana he hōhonutanga nui ake, whakaarohia te hoahoa i ngā wāhanga me ngā hōhonutanga kōhao rerekē.
Mira kōhao hōhonu: E kiia ana he hōhonu ngā kōhao he nui ake i te ono ngā wā o te whānui o te taputapu. Ka taea te hanga i tētahi ōwehenga whānui taputapu ki te hōhonu o te kōhao tae atu ki te 30:1 mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu motuhake (hōhonutanga mōrahi: 35 cm me tētahi taputapu mira mutunga he 1-inihi te whānui).
Ngā poka me ngā pute
Pūtoro kokonga poutū
E taunakitia ana: ⅓ te hohonutanga o te kōhao (nui ake rānei)
Mā te whakamahi i te uara i tūtohutia mō ngā pūtoro kokonga o roto ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu diameter e tika ana, ā, ka hangai hoki ki ngā aratohu mō te hohonutanga o te kōhao kua tūtohutia.
Mā te whakanui ake i te radius kokonga ki runga ake i te uara kua tūtohutia (hei tauira, mā te 1 mm), ka taea e te taputapu te tapahi i te ara porowhita, kaua i te koki 90. He pai ake tēnei nā te mea ka hua ake he mata kounga teitei ake. Mena e hiahiatia ana he kokonga o roto koi 90-tohu, whakaarohia te tāpiri i te tapahi wheua-T hei utu mō te whakaiti i te radius kokonga.
Te pūtoro o te papa
Manakohia: 0.5 mm, 1 mm, kāore rānei he pūtoro
Ka taea: tetahi radius
He papatahi, he porowhita paku rānei te mata tapahi o raro o ngā taputapu mira mutunga. Ka taea te mīhini i ētahi atu rādiusi papa mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu pito pōro. He mahi hoahoa pai te whakamahi i ngā uara kua tūtohutia, nā te mea he pai ake tēnei ki ngā kaimahi mīhini.
Nga pakitara angiangi
Te matotoru pakitara iti
E taunakitia ana: 0.8 mm (ngā konganuku), 1.5 mm (ngā kirihou)
Ka taea: 0.5 mm (ngā konganuku), 1.0 mm (ngā kirihou)
Mā te whakaiti i te matotoru o te pakitara ka whakaiti i te pakari o te rauemi, ka nui ake te wiri i te wā e miihinihia ana, ā, ka whakaitihia te tika e taea ana. He ngāwari te piko o ngā kirihou (nā te ahotea toenga) me te whakangawari (nā te pikinga o te pāmahana), nō reira me nui ake te matotoru o te pakitara. Me tirotirohia ngā uara whaihua kua whakahuatia i runga ake nei i runga i ia take, i ia take.
rua
diameter
I tūtohutia: te mata wiri paerewa
Ka taea: tetahi diameter nui atu i te 1 mm
Ka mīhinihia ngā kōhao mā te whakamahi i te mata wiri, i te taputapu mira mutunga rānei. Kua whakaritea te rahi o ngā mata wiri (i roto i ngā waeine ine me ngā waeine imperia). Ka whakamahia ngā mīhini riu me ngā taputapu keri hei whakaoti i ngā kōhao e hiahia ana ki ngā taunga pakupaku. Mō ngā kōhao tino tika me te diameter iti iho i te 20 mm, e taunakihia ana kia whakamahia he diameter paerewa.
Te hohonu nui
Manakohia: 4 ngā whakarea o te diameter ingoa
Angamaheni: 10 ngā whakarea o te diameter ingoa
Ka taea: 40 ngā whakarea o te diameter ingoa
Me mīhini ngā kōhao kāore i te paerewa ki te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu mira mutunga. I tēnei wā, ka pāngia ngā here hohonu mōrahi o te kōhao, ā, me whakamahi i te uara hohonu mōrahi kua tūtohutia. Ko ngā kōhao hohonu ake i te uara noa ka mīhinihia mā te whakamahi i ngā mata wiri motuhake (me te diameter iti rawa o te 3mm). Ko ngā kōhao matapo e mīhinihia ana ki te wiri he papa kōniko (koki 135-tohu), ko ngā kōhao e mīhinihia ana ki te taputapu mira mutunga he papatahi.
Kāore he manakohanga motuhake i waenga i ngā kōhao mā roto, i ngā kōhao matapo rānei i roto i te miihini CNC.
Maama
Tae rahi
Te iti: M1 (me te iti iho, i ētahi wā)
Manakohia: M6, nui ake rānei
Ka tapahia ngā miro ki ngā tap, ā, ka tapahia ngā miro o waho ki ngā mate. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tap me ngā mate hei tapahi i ngā miro ki raro ki te M2. He mea noa ngā taputapu miro CNC, ā, e pai ana ki ngā kaimahi mīhini, nā te mea ka whakawhāiti i te tūponotanga o te whati o te tap. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā taputapu miro CNC hei tapahi i ngā miro ki raro ki te M6.
Te roa o te miro
Te iti: 1.5 ngā whakarea o te diameter ingoa
Manakohia: 3 ngā whakarea o te diameter ingoa
Ko te nuinga o te kawenga e pā ana ki te miro ka riro i ngā niho tuatahi torutoru (tae atu ki te 1.5 ngā wā o te diameter ingoa). Nō reira, kāore e hiahiatia ngā miro e roa ake ana i te 3 ngā wā o te diameter ingoa.
Mō ngā miro i roto i ngā kōhao matapo i tapahia ki ngā tap (arā, ko ngā miro katoa he iti iho i te M6), tāpirihia he roa kāore i mirohia, he rite ki te 1.5 ngā wā o te diameter ingoa i te raro o te kōhao. Mēnā ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu miro CNC (arā, ko ngā miro he nui ake i te M6), ka taea te miro i te kōhao puta noa i tōna roa.
Nga ahuatanga iti
Te diameter o te poka iti
Manakohia: 2.5 mm (0.1 inihi.”)
Ka taea: 0.05 mm (0.005 inihi.”)
Ka taea e te nuinga o ngā toa mīhini te mīhini tika i ngā poka me ngā kōhao mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tae atu ki te 2.5 mm (0.1 inihi) te whānui. Ko ngā mea katoa i raro iho i tēnei rohe ka kiia he mīhini-iti. Me whakamahi i ngā taputapu motuhake (ngā wiri-iti) me te mōhiotanga tohunga hei mīhini i ēnei āhuatanga nā te mea ka rerekē te āhua o te tukanga tapahi me tēnei tauine. Nō reira, me karo i ēnei āhuatanga mēnā kāore e tino hiahiatia.
Ngā Manawanui
Angamaheni: +-0.1 mm
Ka taea: +-0.02 mm
Ko ā mātou tūponotanga he 2768 waenga, he pai rānei. Mēnā kāore i te tohua ngā tūponotanga, ka whakamahia e ngā hoa hanga te tohu 2768 kua tīpakohia.
Mā ngā ātete e tautuhi ngā rohe mō tētahi inenga e whakaaetia ana. Ka rerekē ngā ātetenga ka taea te whakatutuki i runga i te inenga turanga me te āhua o te wāhanga. He aratohu whaitake ngā uara i runga ake nei.
Kuputuhi me ngā reta
E taunakitia ana: rahi momotuhi 20 (neke atu rānei), whakairohia kia 5 mm
He pai ake te tuhinga whakairo i te tuhinga whakairo, nā te mea he iti ake te rauemi e tangohia ana. E taunakihia ana kia whakamahia he momotuhi iti rawa -20 sans -serif (hei tauira, Arial, Verdana rānei). He maha ngā mīhini CNC he tikanga kua whakaritea mō ēnei momotuhi.
Ngā whakaritenga mīhini CNC me te whakatakotoranga o ngā wāhanga
He hoahoa o tētahi wāhanga e hiahia ana ki ngā tatūnga maha
Ko te urunga atu ki ngā taputapu tētahi o ngā herenga hoahoa matua o te miihini CNC. Hei toro atu ki ngā mata katoa o te tauira, me huri te mea mahi i ngā wā maha.
Ina hurihia te mea mahi, me whakatikatika anō te mīhini, ā, me tautuhi i tētahi pūnaha taunga hou.
I te wā e hoahoa ana, he mea nui kia whakaarohia ngā whakatakotoranga mīhini mō ngā take e rua:
Ka pā te tapeke o ngā whakatakotoranga mīhini ki te utu. Me mahi ā-ringa te hurihanga me te whakatikatika anō i te wāhanga, ā, ka roa ake te wā miihini katoa. He mea whakaaetia tēnei mēnā me huri te wāhanga kia toru, kia whā rānei ngā wā, engari ko te nui rawa atu i tēnei rohe he nui rawa.
Hei whakatutuki i te tika o te tūnga, me mahi mīhini kia rua ngā āhuatanga i roto i te tatūnga kotahi. Nā te mea ka puta he hapa iti (engari he hapa nui) i te taahiraa whakatikatika hou.
He aha te 5-axis CNC machining?
Ka nekehia ngā taputapu tapahi, ngā wāhanga rānei e te mīhini CNC tuaka-5 i runga i ngā tuaka e rima i te wā kotahi. Ka taea e ngā mīhini CNC tuaka-maha te hanga wāhanga me ngā āhuahanga uaua, nā te mea e rua atu ngā tuaka hurihuri e tukuna ana e rātou. Ka whakakorehia e ēnei mīhini te hiahia mō ngā whakatakotoranga mīhini maha.
He aha ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o te miihini CNC tuaka-5?
Mā te miihini CNC e rima-tuaka ka taea e te taputapu te noho pūmau ki te mata tapahi. Ka taea e ngā ara taputapu te uaua ake, te whai hua ake hoki, ka hua ake he pai ake te āhua o te mata o ngā wāhanga me te poto ake o te wā miihini.
Ahakoa rā, he iti noa iho ngā herenga o te CNC tuaka-5. Kei te mau tonu ngā herenga mō te āhua o ngā taputapu taketake me te urunga atu ki ngā taputapu (hei tauira, kāore e taea te mīhini i ngā wāhanga he āhua ā-roto). Heoi anō, he nui ake te utu mō te whakamahi i aua pūnaha.
Ngā tapahi raro o te miihini CNC
Ko ngā tapahi raro he āhuatanga kāore e taea te miihini mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tapahi paerewa, nā te mea kāore e taea te uru atu ki ētahi o ō rātou mata mai i runga.
E rua ngā momo tapahi raro: ko ngā mokowā-T me ngā hiku-kōwhai. Ka taea te tapahi raro te taha kotahi, te taha rua rānei, ā, ka mīhinihia mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu motuhake.
He mea hanga ngā taputapu tapahi T-slot ki tētahi mata tapahi whakapae e piri ana ki tētahi kakau poutū. Ka rerekē te whānui o tētahi tapahi raro i waenga i te 3mm me te 40mm. Ka tūtohu mātou kia whakamahia ngā rahi paerewa mō te whānui (arā, ngā pikinga mirimita katoa, ngā hautanga inihi paerewa rānei), nā te mea he nui ake te tūponotanga kua wātea kē tētahi taputapu e tika ana.
Mō ngā taputapu tapahi hiku-kōpiko, ko te koki te rahi āhuatanga matua. E kiia ana ko ngā taputapu hiku-kōpiko 45- me te 60-tohu he paerewa. Kei reira anō ngā taputapu he koki 5-, 10- me te 120-tohu (i ngā pikinga 10 tohu) engari kāore i te tino whakamahia.
He mokowā-T (mauī), he tapahi hiku-rua (waenganui), me te tapahi taha-kotahi i runga i te pakitara o roto (matau).
Te hoahoa tapahi raro mō te miihini CNC
I te hoahoa i ngā wāhanga he tapahi raro kei ngā pakitara o roto, kia mahara ki te tāpiri i te āputa nui mō te taputapu. Ko te ture pai ko te tāpiri i te āputa kia rite ki te hohonutanga o te tapahi raro i waenganui i te pakitara mīhini me tētahi atu pakitara o roto.
Mō ngā taputapu paerewa, ko te ōwehenga noa i waenga i te diameter tapahi me te diameter o te rakau he 2:1, ā, ka whakawhāitihia te hohonutanga tapahi. Mēnā e hiahiatia ana he tapahi raro kāore i te paerewa, he mahi noa mā ngā toa mīhini te hanga i ā rātou ake taputapu tapahi raro ritenga. Ka taea e tēnei te whakanui ake i te wā arahi me te utu, nō reira karohia mēnā ka taea.
Te tuhi i tētahi tuhi hangarau
I ētahi wā ka whakamahia ngā tuhi hangarau e ngā kaihangarau hei whakamōhio i ngā whakaritenga hanga motuhake ki te kaimahi mīhini.
Te tukuake i tētahi tuhi hangarau me tō whakatau utu
Kāore mātou e hiahia ana ki tētahi tuhi hangarau mō ngā ota i runga i tā mātou tūāpapa, engari i ētahi wā, ka taea e rātou te tāpiri i tētahi horopaki whai hua ki tētahi tono whakatau utu. Kāore e taea te whakauru i ētahi whakatakotoranga hoahoa ki roto i tētahi kōnae STEP, IGES rānei. Hei tauira, me whakauru e koe tētahi tuhi hangarau 2D mēnā kei roto i tō tauira he kōhao miro, he toki rānei, me/ngā ine rānei me ngā manawanui he kikī ake i te tohu 2768 kua tīpakohia.
Ki te tāpirihia he tuhi hangarau, me whakarite kia ōrite ki ngā whakaritenga o ngā kōnae kua tukuna ake. Ki te kore ngā tuhi hangarau e ōrite ki ngā kōnae kua tukuna ake, ki ngā whakaritenga rānei o te utu:
Ko ngā whakatakotoranga o te korero utu te pūtake o te arotakenga mō te hangarau, ngā rauemi me ngā whakaotinga o te mata.
Ko ngā tuhi hangarau te tohutoro mō ngā whakatakotoranga miro, ngā whakatakotoranga manawanui, ngā taipitopito whakaoti mata, ngā tono tohu wāhanga me ngā whakatakotoranga maimoatanga wera.
Ko te kōnae CAD te tohutoro mō te hoahoa wāhanga, te āhuahanga, te ine me ngā tauwāhi āhuatanga.
He aha ngā tikanga pai rawa atu mō te miihini CNC?
Hoahoahia ngā wāhanga ka taea te mīhini mā te whakamahi i te taputapu me te diameter nui rawa atu.
Tāpirihia ngā poro nui (kia ⅓ te hohonu o te kōhao) ki ngā kokonga poutū katoa o roto.
Whakawhāitihia te hohonutanga o ngā kōhao ki te 4 whakarea o tōna whānui.
Whakahāngaihia ngā āhuatanga matua o tō hoahoa ki tētahi o ngā aronga matua e ono. Mēnā kāore e taea, he kōwhiringa te miihini CNC tuaka-5.
Tukuna mai he tuhi hangarau me tō tuhi mēnā kei roto i tō hoahoa ngā miro, ngā āheinga, ngā whakatakotoranga whakaoti mata, me ētahi atu tuhipoka mā te kaiwhakahaere mīhini.
He wāhanga kei a koe e hiahia ana kia mīhinihia ki te CNC? Tena koa whakapā mai ki tā mātou tīma Gazfull.